/* lm32 for r2 - BSD - Copyright 2015-2024 - Felix Held */

#include <r_arch.h>
#include "lm32_isa.h"

#define LM32_UNUSED 0

//str has to be at least 8 chars elements long
static bool reg_number_tostring(ut8 reg, char *str) {
	ut8 match_idx = 0xff;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < RAsmLm32RegNumber; i++) {
		if (RAsmLm32Regs[i].number == reg) {
			match_idx = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	//register number not found in array. this shouldn't happen
	if (match_idx == 0xff) {
		return false;
	}
	strcpy (str, RAsmLm32Regs[match_idx].name);
	return true;
}

#if LM32_UNUSED
static int string_to_reg_number(const char *str, ut8 *num) {
	ut8 match_idx = 0xff;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < RAsmLm32RegNumber; i++) {
		if (!strcmp (RAsmLm32Regs[i].name, str)) {
			match_idx = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	//register name string not found in array
	if (match_idx == 0xff) {
		return -1;
	}
	*num = RAsmLm32Regs[match_idx].number;
	return 0;
}

static int string_to_csr_number(const char *str, ut8 *num) {
	ut8 match_idx = 0xff;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < RAsmLm32CsrNumber; i++) {
		if (!strcmp (RAsmLm32Csrs[i].name, str)) {
			match_idx = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	//csr name string not found in array
	if (match_idx == 0xff) {
		return -1;
	}
	*num = RAsmLm32Csrs[match_idx].number;
	return 0;
}

static int string_to_opcode(const char *str, ut8 *num) {
	ut8 tmp_num = 0xff;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < RAsmLm32OpcodeNumber; i++) {
		if (!strcmp (RAsmLm32OpcodeList[i].name, str)) {
			tmp_num = i;
		}
	}
	//string not found in array
	if (tmp_num == 0xff) {
		return -1;
	}
	*num = tmp_num;
	return 0;
}
#endif

//str has to be at least 8 chars elements long
static bool csr_number_tostring(ut8 csr, char *str) {
	ut8 match_idx = 0xff;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < RAsmLm32CsrNumber; i++) {
		if (RAsmLm32Csrs[i].number == csr) {
			match_idx = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	//csr number not found in array
	if (match_idx == 0xff) {
		return false;
	}
	strcpy (str, RAsmLm32Csrs[match_idx].name);
	return true;
}

//sign_loc is the location of the sign bit before the shift
static st32 shift_and_signextend(ut8 shift, ut8 sign_loc, ut32 val) {
	ut32 tmp = val << shift;
	if (tmp & (1 << (shift + sign_loc))) {
		tmp |= ~((1 << (shift + sign_loc + 1)) - 1);
	}
	return tmp;
}


static bool is_invalid_imm5_instr(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return instr->value & RAsmLm32InstrImm5InvalidBitsMask;
}

static bool is_invalid_one_reg_instr(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return instr->value & RAsmLm32InstrOneRegInvalidBitsMask;
}

static bool is_invalid_two_reg_instr(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return instr->value & RAsmLm32InstrTwoRegsInvalidBitsMask;
}

static bool is_invalid_wcsr_instr(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return instr->value & RAsmLm32InstrWcsrInvalidBitsMask;
}

//ret == b ra
static bool is_pseudo_instr_ret(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	//"ra" == 0x1d
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_b) && (instr->src0_reg == 0x1d);
}

//mv rX, rY == or rX, rY, r0
static bool is_pseudo_instr_mv(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_or) && !instr->src1_reg;
}

//mvhi rX, imm16 == orhi rX, r0, imm16
static bool is_pseudo_instr_mvhi(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_orhi) && !instr->src0_reg;
}

//not rX, rY == xnor rX, rY, r0
static bool is_pseudo_instr_not(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_xnor) && !instr->src1_reg;
}

//mvi rX, imm16 == addi rX, r0, imm16
static bool is_pseudo_instr_mvi(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_addi) && !instr->src0_reg;
}

//nop == addi r0, r0, 0
static bool is_pseudo_instr_nop(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return (instr->op == lm32_op_addi) && !instr->dest_reg &&
			!instr->src0_reg && !instr->immediate;
}

//raise instruction is used for break, scall
static bool is_pseudo_instr_raise(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	return instr->op == raise_instr;
}

static bool r_asm_lm32_decode(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	instr->op = extract_opcode (instr->value);
	if (instr->op >= RAsmLm32OpcodeNumber) {
		return false;
	}
	instr->op_decode = RAsmLm32OpcodeList[instr->op];

	switch (instr->op_decode.type) {
	case reg_imm16_signextend:
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		instr->immediate = shift_and_signextend (0, RAsmLm32Imm16SignBitPos,
				extract_imm16 (instr->value));
		break;
	case reg_imm16_shift2_signextend:
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		instr->immediate = shift_and_signextend (2, RAsmLm32Imm16SignBitPos,
				extract_imm16 (instr->value));
		break;
	case reg_imm16_zeroextend:
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		instr->immediate = extract_imm16 (instr->value);
		break;
	case reg_imm5:
		if (is_invalid_imm5_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		instr->immediate = extract_imm5 (instr->value);
		break;
	case raise_instr:
		if (is_invalid_imm5_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		//might be less bits used, but this shouldn't hurt
		//invalid parameters are caught in print_pseudo_instruction anyway
		instr->immediate = extract_imm5 (instr->value);
		break;
	case one_reg:
		if (is_invalid_one_reg_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		break;
	case two_regs:
		if (is_invalid_two_reg_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_w (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		break;
	case three_regs:
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_w (instr->value);
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->src1_reg = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		break;
	case reg_csr: //wcsr
		if (is_invalid_wcsr_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		instr->src0_reg = extract_reg_v (instr->value);
		instr->csr = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		break;
	case csr_reg: //rcsr
		//bitmask is the same as the two register one
		if (is_invalid_two_reg_instr (instr)) {
			return false;
		}
		instr->dest_reg = extract_reg_w (instr->value);
		instr->csr = extract_reg_u (instr->value);
		break;
	case imm26:
		instr->immediate = shift_and_signextend (2, RAsmLm32Imm26SignBitPos,
				extract_imm26 (instr->value));
		break;
	case reserved:
	default:
		return false;
	}

	//see if the instruction corresponds to a pseudo-instruction
	instr->pseudoInstruction = is_pseudo_instr_ret (instr) || is_pseudo_instr_mv (instr) ||
			is_pseudo_instr_mvhi (instr) || is_pseudo_instr_not (instr) || is_pseudo_instr_mvi (instr) ||
			is_pseudo_instr_nop (instr) || is_pseudo_instr_raise (instr);
	return true;
}

static bool write_reg_names_to_struct(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr) {
	switch (instr->op_decode.type) {
	case reg_imm16_signextend:
	case reg_imm16_shift2_signextend:
	case reg_imm16_zeroextend:
	case reg_imm5:
	case two_regs:
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->dest_reg, instr->dest_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->src0_reg, instr->src0_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		break;
	case one_reg:
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->src0_reg, instr->src0_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		break;
	case three_regs:
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->dest_reg, instr->dest_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->src0_reg, instr->src0_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->src1_reg, instr->src1_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		break;
	case reg_csr:
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->src0_reg, instr->src0_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!csr_number_tostring (instr->csr, instr->csr_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		break;
	case csr_reg:
		if (!reg_number_tostring (instr->dest_reg, instr->dest_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (!csr_number_tostring (instr->csr, instr->csr_reg_str)) {
			return false;
		}
		break;
	case raise_instr:
	case imm26:
		break;
	default:
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}

static bool print_pseudo_instruction(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr, char *str, int str_size) {
	if (!instr->pseudoInstruction) {
		return false;
	}
	switch (instr->op) {
	//ret == b ra
	case lm32_op_b:
		strcpy (str, "ret");
		break;
	//mv rX, rY == or rX, rY, r0
	case lm32_op_or:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "mv %s, %s", instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str);
		break;
	//mvhi rX, imm16 == orhi rX, r0, imm16
	case lm32_op_orhi:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "mvhi %s, 0x%x", instr->dest_reg_str, instr->immediate);
		break;
	//not rX, rY == xnor rX, rY, r0
	case lm32_op_xnor:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "not %s, %s", instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str);
		break;
	//mvi rX, imm16 == addi rX, r0, imm16
	//nop == addi r0, r0, 0
	case lm32_op_addi:
		if (is_pseudo_instr_nop (instr)) { //nop
			r_str_ncpy (str, "nop", str_size);
		} else { //mvi
			snprintf (str, str_size, "mvi %s, 0x%x", instr->dest_reg_str, instr->immediate);
		}
		break;
	//break, scall
	case lm32_op_raise:
		switch (instr->immediate) {
		case 0x2: //break
			r_str_ncpy (str, "break", str_size);
			break;
		case 0x7: //scall
			r_str_ncpy (str, "scall", str_size);
			break;
		default:
			return false;
		}
		break;
	default:
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}

static bool r_asm_lm32_stringify(RAsmLm32Instruction *instr, char *str, int str_size) {
	if (!write_reg_names_to_struct (instr)) {
		return false;
	}

	//pseudo instructions need some special handling
	if (instr->pseudoInstruction) {
		//return after printing the decoded pseudo instruction, so it doesn't get overwritten
		return print_pseudo_instruction (instr, str, str_size);
	}

	//get opcode string
	r_str_ncpy (str, instr->op_decode.name, str_size);

	//get parameters (registers, immediate) string
	switch (instr->op_decode.type) {
	case reg_imm16_signextend:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s, 0x%x",
			instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str,
			instr->src0_reg_str, instr->immediate);
		break;
	case reg_imm16_zeroextend:
	case reg_imm5:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s, 0x%x",
			instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str, instr->immediate);
		break;
	case reg_imm16_shift2_signextend:
		//print the branch/call destination address
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s, 0x%x",
			instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str, instr->immediate + instr->addr);
		break;
	case one_reg:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s", instr->op_decode.name, instr->src0_reg_str);
		break;
	case two_regs:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s", instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str);
		break;
	case three_regs:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s, %s", instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str,
				instr->src1_reg_str);
		break;
	case reg_csr:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s", instr->op_decode.name, instr->csr_reg_str, instr->src0_reg_str);
		break;
	case csr_reg:
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s %s, %s", instr->op_decode.name, instr->dest_reg_str, instr->csr_reg_str);
		break;
	case imm26:
		//print the branch/call destination address
		snprintf (str, str_size, "%s 0x%x", instr->op_decode.name, instr->immediate + instr->addr);
		break;
	//case raise_instr: //unneeded; handled as pseudo instruction
	default:
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}

static bool decode(RArchSession *as, RAnalOp *op, RArchDecodeMask mask) {
	const ut8 *buf = op->bytes;
	const int len = op->size;
	RAsmLm32Instruction instr = {0};
	if (!buf || len < 4) {
		return -1;
	}
	instr.value = buf[0] << 24 | buf[1] << 16 | buf[2] << 8 | buf[3];
	instr.addr = op->addr;
	if (!r_asm_lm32_decode (&instr)) {
		return -1;
	}
	char bufasm[256] = {0};
	if (!r_asm_lm32_stringify (&instr, bufasm, sizeof (bufasm))) {
		return -1;
	}
	op->type = R_ANAL_OP_TYPE_MOV; // XXX
	op->id = 0;
	if (mask & R_ARCH_OP_MASK_DISASM) {
		op->mnemonic = strdup (bufasm);
	}
	op->size = 4;
	return 4;
}

static char *get_reg_profile(RArchSession *as) {
	return strdup (
		"=PC	pc\n"
		"=BP	fp\n"
		"=SP	sp\n"
		"=A0	r0\n"
		"=A1	r1\n"
		"=A2	r2\n"
		"=A3	r3\n"
		"gpr	r0	.32	0	0\n"
		"gpr	r1	.32	4	0\n"
		"gpr	r2	.32	8	0\n"
		"gpr	r3	.32	12	0\n"
		"gpr	r4	.32	16	0\n"
		"gpr	r5	.32	20	0\n"
		"gpr	r6	.32	24	0\n"
		"gpr	r7	.32	28	0\n"
		"gpr	r8	.32	32	0\n"
		"gpr	r9	.32	36	0\n"
		"gpr	r10	.32	40	0\n"
		"gpr	r11	.32	44	0\n"
		"gpr	r12	.32	48	0\n"
		"gpr	r13	.32	52	0\n"
		"gpr	r14	.32	56	0\n"
		"gpr	r15	.32	60	0\n"
		"gpr	r16	.32	64	0\n"
		"gpr	r17	.32	68	0\n"
		"gpr	r18	.32	72	0\n"
		"gpr	r19	.32	76	0\n"
		"gpr	r20	.32	80	0\n"
		"gpr	r21	.32	84	0\n"
		"gpr	r22	.32	88	0\n"
		"gpr	r23	.32	92	0\n"
		"gpr	r24	.32	96	0\n"
		"gpr	r25	.32	100	0\n"
		"gpr	r26	.32	104	0\n"
		"gpr	r27	.32	108	0\n"
		"gpr	r28	.32	112	0\n"
		"gpr	r29	.32	116	0\n"
	);
}

const RArchPlugin r_arch_plugin_lm32 = {
	.meta = {
		.name = "lm32",
		.desc = "Lattice Micro 32 ISA",
		.author = "Felix Held",
		.license = "BSD-3-Clause",
	},
	.arch = "lm32",
	.decode = &decode,
	.regs = get_reg_profile,
	.bits = R_SYS_BITS_PACK1 (32),
	.endian = R_SYS_ENDIAN_BIG,
};

#ifndef R2_PLUGIN_INCORE
R_API RLibStruct radare_plugin = {
	.type = R_LIB_TYPE_ARCH,
	.data = &r_anal_plugin_lm32,
	.version = R2_VERSION
};
#endif
