### Padding and Patching

Ragg2, a tool in the radare2 suite, offers various options for padding and patching the generated bufferoutput. These options allow users to modify or extend the generated code in specific ways.

* Appending Data:
  * Append hex bytes (-B)
  * Append file contents (-C)
  * Append 32-bit or 64-bit numbers (-n, -N)
  * Append strings (-S)

* Patching Existing Data:
  * Patch dword or qword at a given offset (-d, -D)
  * Patch hex pairs at a given offset (-w)

* Adding Padding:
  * Add padding after compilation (-p)
  * Options include NOP, trap instructions, or specific byte sequences

From `ragg2 -h`:

```
 -B [hexpairs]   append some hexpair bytes
 -C [file]       append contents of file
 -d [off:dword]  patch dword (4 bytes) at given offset
 -D [off:qword]  patch qword (8 bytes) at given offset
 -n [dword]      append 32bit number (4 bytes)
 -N [dword]      append 64bit number (8 bytes)
 -p [padding]    add padding after compilation (padding=n10s32)
                 ntas : begin nop, trap, 'a', sequence
                 NTAS : same as above, but at the end
 -S [string]     append a string
 -w [off:hex]    patch hexpairs at given offset
```
