# Applying captions to prerecorded synchronized media

ID: FLASH9

Technology: flash

Type: Technique

## When to Use

Adobe Flash-based Content

- Adobe Flash CS3 and later

## Description

The objective of this technique is to provide an option for people who have hearing impairments or otherwise have trouble hearing the sound and dialogue in synchronized media to be able to choose to view captions as an alternative to audio information. With this technique all of the dialogue and important sounds are provided as text in a fashion that allows the text to be hidden unless the user requests it. As a result they are visible only when needed. This can be achieved using the FLVPlayback and FLVPlaybackCaptioning components. Note: when using FLVPlayback skins the closed caption button is accessible by default, but if implementing custom skins authors need to test to verify that the button is accessible.

## Examples

### Adding a timed text caption file to Flash

1. Use an external tool (such as Magpie or a simple text editor) to create a timed Text captions xml file. Stop and play the video content, and for each relevant part of audio information (including speech, important background noises and event sounds) include the start and end time code as well as the textual alternative. Tools like Magpie have advanced features to make this process easier, whereas a text editor requires you to read the timecodes from your media player and include them in the XML as illustrated in the sample captions document below
2. In Flash, create a new instance of the FLVPlayback component on your stage, and set its contentPath value to your flv video file using the 'Component inspector' or 'Parameters' panel.
3. Set the 'Skin' parameter to use a skin which includes the CC (closed captions) button.
4. From the components list also create an instance of the FLVPlayback captioning component. In the 'Component inspector' panel set its 'Source' parameter to the name of your timed text xml file. The captions will automatically placed at the bottom of the player's frame.

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <tt xml:lang="en" xmlns="https://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1"
      xmlns:tts="https://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1#styling">
      <head>
        <styling>
          <style id="defaultSpeaker" tts:backgroundColor="black"
            tts:color="white" tts:fontFamily="SansSerif" tts:fontSize="12"
            tts:fontStyle="normal" tts:fontWeight="normal"
            tts:textAlign="left" tts:textDecoration="none"/>
          <style id="defaultCaption" tts:backgroundColor="black"
            tts:color="white" tts:fontFamily="Arial" tts:fontSize="12"
            tts:fontStyle="normal" tts:fontWeight="normal"
            tts:textAlign="center" tts:textDecoration="none"/>
        </styling>
      </head>
      <body id="thebody" style="defaultCaption">
        <div xml:lang="en">
          <p begin="0:00:00.20" end="0:00:02.20">If there were nothing in
            our universe</p>
          <p begin="0:00:02.20" end="0:00:05.65">the fabric of space-time
            would be flat.</p>
          <p begin="0:00:05.65" end="0:00:08.88">But add a mass, and
            dimples form within it.</p>
          <p begin="0:00:16.61" end="0:00:19.84">Smaller objects that
            approach that large mass</p>
          <p begin="0:00:19.84" end="0:00:23.41">will follow the curve in
            space-time around it.</p>
          <p begin="0:00:32.64" end="0:00:36.84">Our nearest star, the
            sun, has formed such a dimple</p>
          <p begin="0:00:36.84" end="0:00:38.00">and our tiny planet
            Earth</p>
          <p begin="0:00:38.00" end="0:00:41.50">goes along for the ride
            in the curve of its dimple</p>
          <p begin="0:00:41.50" end="0:00:43.80">staying in orbit around
            the sun.</p>
          <p begin="0:00:45.67" end="0:01:55.00"/>
        </div>
      </body>
    </tt>

This is demonstrated in working example of Adding a timed text caption file to Flash. The working example of Adding a timed text caption file to Flash is available.

## Tests

### Procedure

Watch all video content displayed by your Flash movie. Ensure that:

1. Captions are available for all audio content, either turned on by default or as a user preference.
2. The captions properly describe all audio information contained in the video.

### Expected Results

- #1 and #2 are true

## Related Techniques

- G87

## Resources

http://ncam.wgbh.org/invent_build/web_multimedia/tools-guidelines

http://www.buraks.com/captionate/

https://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/