## NAME

cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output

## SYNOPSIS

cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...

## DESCRIPTION

Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.

-A, --show-all equivalent to -vET

-b, --number-nonblank number nonempty output lines, overrides -n

-e equivalent to -vE

-E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line

-n, --number number all output lines

-s, --squeeze-blank suppress repeated empty output lines

-t equivalent to -vT

-T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I

-u (ignored)

-v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB

--help display this help and exit

--version output version information and exit

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

## EXAMPLES

cat f - g Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.

cat Copy standard input to standard output.

## AUTHOR

Written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.

## REPORTING BUGS

GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report cat translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

## COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

## SEE ALSO

tac(1)

Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat>
or available locally via: info (aq(coreutils) cat invocation(aq