/**
 * Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making Tars available.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2016THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License (the "License"); you may not use this file except 
 * in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed 
 * under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR 
 * CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the 
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "util/tc_ex.h"
#include "util/tc_platform.h"

using namespace std;

namespace tars
{
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
/** 
 * @file  tc_bitmap.h 
 * @brief  Multi-bit Bitmap Class
 * @brief  多位bitmap类. 
 */             
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
 * @brief Exception
 * @brief 异常
 */
struct TC_BitMap_Exception : public TC_Exception
{
    TC_BitMap_Exception(const string &buffer) : TC_Exception(buffer){};
    ~TC_BitMap_Exception() throw(){};
};


/**
 * @brief Memory bitmap, 1 bit for each integer, can support multiple bits, 
 * that is, several bits for several integers.
 * @brief 内存bitmap，每个整数1位，可以支持多位，即几个整数多位. 
 * 
 * The process of the operation will not be locked. 
 * If it needs to be locked when called outside, the group lock strategy is usually adopted.
 * 操作过程不加锁，如果有需要在外面调用的时候加，通常采用群锁策略.
 * 
 * Attention that according to the group lock strategy, 
 * memory block address should be divided by 8, 
 * and then lock the blocks group by the tail number.
 * 注意群锁策略应该/8，然后按照尾号分群锁
 */
class UTIL_DLL_API TC_BitMap
{
public:
    /**
     * @brief the bitmap of memories, each integer holds 1 bit
     * @brief 内存的bitmap，每个整数保持1位 
     */
    class BitMap
    {
    public:
        
        static const int _magic_bits[8];

        #define _set_bit(n,m)   (n|_magic_bits[m])
        #define _clear_bit(n,m) (n&(~_magic_bits[m]))
        #define _get_bit(n,m)   (n&_magic_bits[m])

        /**the Version of Shared Memories*/
        /**共享内存版本*/
        #define BM_VERSION      1

        /**
         * @brief Calculate the size of the required memory based on the number of elements.
         * @brief 根据元素个数计算需要内存的大小
         *  
         * @param iElementCount The number of elements to be saved (marked start from 0)
         * @param iElementCount 需要保存的元素个数(元素从0开始记)
         * 
         * @return size_t
         */
        static size_t calcMemSize(size_t iElementCount);

        /**
         * @brief Initialize
         * @brief 初始化
         * 
         * @param pAddr Absolute address
         * @param pAddr 绝对地址
         * 
         * @param iSize size, calculated by (calcMemSize)
         * @param iSize 大小, 采用(calcMemSize)计算出来
         * 
         * @return      0: success,   -1: lack of memories
         * @return      0: 成功,      -1: 内存不够
         */
        void create(void *pAddr, size_t iSize);

        /**
         * @brief Link to a memory block
         * @brief 链接到内存块
         * 
         * @param pAddr  Address, calculated by (calcMemSize)
         * @param pAddr  地址, 采用(calcMemSize)计算出来
         * 
         * @return      0:success, -1:wrong version, -2:wrong size
         * @return      0:成功,    -1:版本不对,       -2:大小不对
         * 
         */
        int connect(void *pAddr, size_t iSize);

        /**
         * @brief Whether it have mark or not
         * @brief 是否有标识
         * 
         * @param i
         * 
         * @return int, >0:marked, =0:no mark, <0:out of range
         * @return int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
         * 
         */
        int get(size_t i);

        /**
         * @brief Mark
         * @brief 设置标识
         * 
         * @param i 
         * 
         * @return int, >0:marked, =0:no mark, <0:out of range
         * @return int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
         */
        int set(size_t i);

        /**
         * @brief Clear Marks
         * @brief 清除标识
         * 
         * @param i
         * 
         * @return int, >0:marked, =0:no mark, <0:out of range
         * @return int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
         */
        int clear(size_t i);

        /**
         * @brief Clear all data
         * @brief 清除所有的数据
         * 
         * @return int 
         */
        int clear4all();

        /**
         * @brief Dump to File
         * @brief dump到文件
         * @param sFile
         * 
         * @return int
         */
        int dump2file(const string &sFile);

        /**
         * @brief Load from File
         * @brief 从文件load
         * 
         * @param sFile
         * 
         * @return int
         */
        int load5file(const string &sFile);

        /**the Head of Shared Memories*/
        /**共享内存头部*/
#pragma pack(1) 
        struct tagBitMapHead
        {
           char     _cVersion;          /**version, the current version is 1*/
                                        /**版本, 当前版本为1*/
           size_t   _iMemSize;          /**the size of the shared memory*/
                                        /**共享内存大小*/
        };
#pragma pack() 

        /**
         * @brief get the address of the head
         * @brief 获取头部地址
         * 
         * @return tagBitMapHead* the head of the shared memory
         * @return tagBitMapHead* 共享内存头部
         */
        BitMap::tagBitMapHead *getAddr() const   { return _pHead; }

        /**
         * @brief get the size of the memory
         * @brief 获取内存大小
         *  
         * @return the size of the memory
         * @return 内存大小
         * 
         */
        size_t getMemSize() const                   { return _pHead->_iMemSize; }

    protected:

        /**
         * the Head of the Shared Memory
         * 共享内存头部
         */
        tagBitMapHead               *_pHead;

        /**
         * pointer of a data block
         * 数据块指针
         */
        unsigned char *             _pData;
    };

    /**
     * @brief Calculate the memory size according to count the number of the elements.
     * @brief 根据元素个数计算需要内存的大小
     * 
     * @param iElementCount  the number of the elements which needs to be saved(marked started from 0)
     * @param iElementCount  需要保存的元素个数(元素从0开始记)
     * 
     * @param iBitCount     the max bit value of each element(defualt for 1 bit)(each bit>=1)
     * @param iBitCount     每个元素支持几位(默认1位) (位数>=1)
     * 
     * @return              the required size of the memory
     * @return              所需内存的大小
     * 
     */
    static size_t calcMemSize(size_t iElementCount, unsigned iBitCount = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Initialize
     * @brief 初始化
     * 
     * @param pAddr Absolute Address
     * @param pAddr 绝对地址
     * 
     * @param iSize Size, Calculate by (calcMemSize)
     * @param iSize 大小, 采用(calcMemSize)计算出来
     * 
     * @return      0: success, -1:lack of memories
     * @return      0: 成功, -1:内存不够
     * 
     */
    void create(void *pAddr, size_t iSize, unsigned iBitCount = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Link to Memory Blocks
     * @brief 链接到内存块
     * 
     * @param pAddr Address, Calculate by (calcMemSize)
     * @param pAddr 地址，采用(calcMemSize)计算出来
     * 
     * @return      0：success, -1：wrong version, -2:wrong size
     * @return      0：成功, -1：版本不对, -2:大小不对
     * 
     */
    int connect(void *pAddr, size_t iSize, unsigned iBitCount = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Whether it is Marked or not
     * @brief 是否有标识 
     * 
     * @param i      the value of the element
     * @param i      元素值
     * 
     * @param iBit   bit number
     * @param iBit   第几位
     *  
     * @return       int, >0:maked, =0:no mark, <0:out of range
     * @return       int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
     * 
     */
    int get(size_t i, unsigned iBit = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Mark
     * @brief 设置标识
     * 
     * @param i     the value of the element
     * @param i     元素值
     * 
     * @param iBit  bit number 
     * @param iBit  第几位
     * 
     * @return      int, >0:marked, =0:no mark, <0:outof range
     * @return      int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
     * 
     */
    int set(size_t i, unsigned iBit = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Clear a mark
     * @brief 清除标识
     * 
     * @param i     the value of the element
     * @param i     元素值
     * 
     * @param iBit  bit number 
     * @param iBit  第几位 
     * 
     * @return      int, >0:marked, =0:no mark, <0:out of range
     * @return      int, >0:有标识, =0:无标识, <0:超过范围
     */
    int clear(size_t i, unsigned iBit = 1);

    /**
     * @brief Clear all marks
     * @brief 清除所有的标识
     * 
     * @param iBit  bit number
     * @param iBit  第几位
     * 
     * @return int 
     */
    int clear4all(unsigned iBit = (unsigned)(-1));

    /**
     * @brief Dump to File
     * @brief dump到文件
     * 
     * @param sFile 
     * 
     * @return int
     */
    int dump2file(const string &sFile);

    /**
     * @brief Load from File
     * @brief 从文件load
     * 
     * @param sFile
     * 
     * @return int
     */
    int load5file(const string &sFile);

protected:
    vector<BitMap>   _bitmaps;
};

}


